Academic Standards

• Spell simple words by using letter sounds.
  
  

Number Sense

• Compare two or more sets of objects (up to ten objects in each group) and identify which set is equal to, more than, or less than the other.
• Count, recognize, represent, name, and order a number of objects (up to 30).
• Know that the larger numbers describe sets with more objects in them than the smaller numbers have.
• Use concrete objects to determine the answers to addition and subtraction problems (for two numbers that are each less than 10).

Algebra and Functions

• Identify, sort, and classify objects by attribute and identify objects that do not belong to a particular group (e.g., all these balls are green, those are red).
  

Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability

• Pose information questions; collect data; and record the results using objects, pictures, and picture graphs.
• Identify, describe, and extend simple patterns (such as circles or triangles) by referring to their shapes, sizes, or colors.

Measurement and Geometry

• Compare the length, weight, and capacity of objects by making direct comparisons with reference objects (e.g., note which object is shorter, longer, taller, lighter, heavier, or holds more).
• Demonstrate an understanding of concepts of time (e.g., morning, afternoon, evening, today, yesterday, tomorrow, week, year) and tools that measure time (e.g., clock, calendar).
• Name the days of the week.
• Identify the time (to the nearest hour) of everyday events.
• Identify and describe common geometric objects (e.g., position, shape, size, roundness, number of corners).

Grade One

• Distinguish initial, medial, and final sounds in single-syllable.
• Add, delete, or change target sounds to change words.
• Blend letters, and letter patterns into recognizable words.
• Read common word families (e.g., -ite, -ate).
• Read common, irregular sight words.
• Classify grade appropriate categories of words.
• Respond to who, what, when, where, and how questions.
• Follow one-step instructions.
  

• Spell three and four letter short vowel words and grade-level appropriate sight words correctly.
• Identify singular and plural nouns.
• Identify contractions.
• Use a period, exclamation point, or question mark at the end of sentences.
  
  

Number Sense

• Count, read, and write whole numbers to 100
• Compare and order whole numbers to 100 by using the symbols for less than, equal to, or greater than (<, =, >).
• Identify and know the value of coins and show different combinations of coins that equal the same value. (pennies, nickels, dimes).
• Know and memorize the addition and subtraction facts (sums to 20)
• Identify one more than, one less than, 10 more than, and 10 less than a given number.
• Count by 2s, 5s, and 10s to 100.
• Show the meaning of addition (putting together, increasing) and subtraction (taking away, comparing, finding the difference).
• Solve addition and subtraction problems with one- and two-digit numbers (e.g., 5 + 58 = __).

Algebra and Functions

• Understand the meaning of the symbols +, -, =.

Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability

• Sort objects and data by common attributes and describe the categories.
• Represent and compare data (e.g., largest, smallest, most often, least often) by using pictures, bar graphs, tally charts, and picture graphs.
• Extend, and explain simple repeating patterns (e.g., rhythmic, numeric, color, and shape).

Measurement and Geometry

• Compare the length, weight, and volume of two or more objects by using direct comparison.
• Tell time to the nearest half hour and relate time to events (e.g., before/after, shorter/longer).
• Identify, describe, and compare triangles, rectangles, squares, and circles.

Grade Two

• Apply knowledge of basic syllabication rules when reading.
• Recognize common abbreviations.
• Identify and correctly use regular plurals and irregular plurals.
• Understand and explain common antonyms and synonyms.
• Know the meaning of simple prefixes and suffixes.
• Identify simple multiple-meaning words.
• Use titles, tables of contents, and chapter headings to locate
  information in expository text.
• State the purpose in reading.
• Restate facts and details in the text to clarify and organize ideas.
• Interpret information from diagrams, charts, and graphs.
• Follow two-step written instructions.
• Compare and contrast plots, settings, and characters presented by
  different authors
  

• Distinguish between complete and incomplete sentences.
• Identify and correctly use various parts of speech, including nouns and
  verbs, in writing and speaking.
• Use commas in the greeting and closure of a letter and with dates and
  items in a series.
• Use quotation marks correctly.
• Capitalize all proper nouns, words at the beginning of sentences and
  greetings, months and days of the week, and titles and initials of
  people.
  

Number Sense

• Recognize, name, and compare unit fractions of 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8.
• Identify the place value for each digit up to 1,000.
• Order and compare whole numbers to 1000 using >, = , and <.
• Understand and use the inverse relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., the inverse number sentence for 8 + 6 = 14 is 14 - 6 = 8; fact families) to solve problems.
• Find the sum or difference of two whole numbers up to three digits long.
• Memorize addition and subtraction facts through 18.
• Memorize the multiplication facts of 2’s, 5’s, and 10’s.

Algebra and Functions

• Use commutative and associative rules to simplify calculations.
• Relate problem situations and number sentences involving addition and subtraction.
• Solve addition and subtraction problems using data from simple charts, picture graphs, and number sentences.

Measurement and Geometry

• Measure the length of an object to the nearest inch and/or centimeter.
• Tell time to nearest quarter hour and know relationships of time (e.g. minutes in an hour, days in a week, months in a year).
• Determine the duration of time intervals in hours (e.g., 11:00 AM to 4:00 PM).
• Describe plane and solid geometric shapes according to number of faces, edges, and vertices.

Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability

• Recognize and extend patterns, and determine the next term in linear patterns (e.g. 4,8,12, _, _, _, 28).
• Identify range and mode of data.
  

Grade Three

• Read aloud narrative and expository text fluently and accurately and with
  appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression.
• Use knowledge of levels of specificity among grade-appropriate words and
  explain the importance of these relations.
• Use sentence and word context to find the meaning of unknown words.
• Use a dictionary to learn the meaning and other features of unknown words.
• Use knowledge of prefixes and suffixes to determine the meaning of words.
• Use titles, tables of contents, chapter headings, glossaries, and indexes to
  locate information in text.
• Demonstrate comprehension by identifying answers in the text.
• Recall major points in the text and make and modify predictions about
  forthcoming information.
• Distinguish the main idea and supporting details in expository text.
• Extract appropriate and significant information from the text, including
  problems and solutions.
• Follow simple multiple-step written instructions.
• Distinguish common forms of literature.
• Determine what characters are like by what they say or do and by how the
  author or illustrator portrays them.
• Determine the underlying theme or author’s message in fiction and nonfiction
  text.
• Identify the speaker or narrator in a selection.

• Understand and be able to use complete and correct declarative,
  interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory sentences in writing and speaking.
• Identify subjects and verbs that are in agreement and identify and use
  pronouns, adjectives, compound words, and articles correctly in writing and
  speaking.
• Punctuate dates, city and state, and titles of books correctly.
• Use commas in dates, locations, and addresses and for items in a series.
• Capitalize geographical names, holidays, historical periods, and special
  events correctly.
• Arrange words in alphabetical order.
  

Number Sense

• Identify the place value for each digit in numbers to 10,000.
• Use expanded notation to represent numbers.
• Find the sum or difference of two whole numbers between 0 and 10,000.
• Memorize multiplication facts for numbers 1 – 10.
• Solve simple problems involving multiplication of multi-digit numbers by one-digit numbers
  (e.g. 3,671 x 3 = __ ).
• Add or subtract simple fractions.
• Solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of money amounts in decimal notation using whole numbers.
  
  

• Represent relationships of quantities in the form of mathematical expressions, equations, or inequalities.
• Solve problems involving numeric equations or inequalities.
• Select appropriate operational and relational symbols to make an expression true
  (e.g. If 4 ___ 3 = 12, what operational symbol goes in the blank: (+ , - , x)? What relational symbol goes in the blank: 4 x 3 ___ 11 (< , = , > )?).
• Solve simple problems involving a functional relationship between two quantities (e.g., find the total cost of multiple items given the cost per unit).
• Extend and recognize a linear pattern by its rules.

Measurement and Geometry

• Find the perimeter of a polygon.
• Identify and classify polygons (including pentagons, hexagons and octagons).
• Identify attributes of triangles.
• Identify attributes of quadrilaterals.
  

Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability

• Identify whether common events are certain, likely, unlikely, or improbable.
• Record the possible outcomes for a simple event (e.g., tossing a coin) and systematically keep track of the outcomes when the event is repeated many times.
• Summarize and display the results of probability experiments in a clear and organized way (e.g., use a bar graph or a line plot).
  

Grade Four

• Read narrative and expository text aloud with grade-appropriate fluency and accuracy and with appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression.
• Apply knowledge of word origins, derivations, synonyms, antonyms, and idioms to determine the meaning of words and phrases
• Use knowledge of root words to determine the meaning of unknown words within a passage.
• Know common roots and affixes derived from Greek and Latin and use this knowledge to analyze the meaning of complex words.
• Use a thesaurus to determine related words and concepts.
• Distinguish and interpret words with multiple meanings.
• Make and confirm predictions about text by using prior knowledge and ideas presented in the text itself, including illustrations, titles, topic sentences, important words, and foreshadowing clues.
• Compare and contrast information on the same topic after reading several passages or articles.
• Identify the main events of the plot, their causes, and the influence of each event on future actions.
• Use knowledge of the situation and setting and of a character’s traits and motivations to determine the causes for that character’s actions.
• Define figurative language (e.g., simile, metaphor, hyperbole, personification) and identify its use in literary works.

• Use simple and compound sentences in writing and speaking.
• Identify and use regular and irregular verbs, adverbs, prepositions, and coordinating conjunctions in writing and speaking.
• Use parentheses, commas in direct quotations, and apostrophes in the possessive case of nouns and in contractions.
• Use underlining, quotation marks, or italics to identify titles of documents.
• Capitalize names of magazines, newspapers, works of art, musical compositions, organizations, and the first word in quotations when appropriate.

Number Sense

• Order and compare whole numbers to 1,000,000 and decimals to two decimal places.
• Round whole numbers to the nearest ten, hundred, thousand, and ten thousand.
• Write tenths and hundredths in decimal and fraction notations and know fraction and decimal equivalents for halves and fourths (e.g. ½ = .5 or .50).
• Write the fraction represented by drawing parts of a figure and relate a fraction to a simple decimal on a number line.
• Identify negative numbers on a number line.
• Be able to add, subtract, multiply (one- and two-digit), and divide (one digit divisor) whole numbers.
• Solve problems involving multiplication and division of money amounts in decimal notation using whole number multipliers and divisors.
• Identify prime numbers less than 25.

Algebra and Functions

• Use letters, boxes, and other symbols to stand for any number in simple expressions or equations (e.g., demonstrate an understanding and the use of a variable).
• Interpret mathematical expressions that use parentheses.
• Know that equals added to equals are equal (x + 2 = y + 2 then x = y).
• Know that equals multiplied by equals are equal (If 2x = 2y then x = y).
• Identify and graph ordered pairs in one quadrant of the coordinate plane.

Measurement and Geometry

• Understand and use formulas to solve problems involving perimeters and areas of rectangles (using square units for area).
• Understand that the length of a horizontal line segment equals the difference of the x-coordinates.
• Understand that the length of a vertical line segment equals the difference of the y-coordinates.
• Identify lines that are parallel and perpendicular.
• Identify triangles: isosceles, scalene, equilateral.

Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability

• Interpret data from tables, charts, graphs, grids, and tree diagrams.

Grade Five

• Read aloud narrative and expository text fluently and accurately and with appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression.
• Understand and explain frequently used synonyms, antonyms, and homographs.
• Understand how text features make information accessible and usable.
• Discern main ideas and concepts presented in texts, identifying and assessing evidence that supports those ideas.
• Draw inferences, conclusions, or generalizations about text and support them with textual evidence and prior knowledge.
• Distinguish facts, supported inferences, and opinions in text.
• Identify and analyze the characteristics of poetry, drama, fiction, and nonfiction and explain the appropriateness of the literary forms chosen by an author for a specific purpose.
• Identify the main problem or conflict of the plot and explain how it is resolved.
• Understand that theme refers to the meaning or moral of a selection and recognize themes in sample works.

• Identify and correctly use prepositional phrases, appositives, and independent and dependent clauses; use transitions and conjunctions to connect ideas.
• Identify and correctly use verbs that are often misused modifiers, and pronouns.
• Use a colon to separate hours and minutes and to introduce a list; use quotation marks around the exact words of a speaker and titles of poems, songs, short stories, and so forth.
• Use correct capitalization.
• Spell roots, suffixes, prefixes, contractions, and syllable constructions correctly.

Number Sense

• Interpret percent as part of 100.
• Find decimal and percent equivalents for common fractions and explain why they represent the same value ( i.e. ¾ = .75 = 75%).
• Determine prime factors, and write the numbers to 50 as the product of their prime factors by using exponents.
• Order and compare decimals to the thousandths.
• Divide a multi-digit number and/or a multi-digit decimal by a two-digit number.
• Add, subtract, and multiply with decimals.
• Add and subtract with negative numbers.
• Solve simple problems involving the addition and subtraction of fractions and mixed numbers (like and unlike denominators of 20 or less) and express answers in simplest form.

Algebra and Functions

• Use a letter to represent an unknown number; write and evaluate simple algebraic expressions with one variable by substitution.
• Identify and graph ordered pairs in the four quadrants of a coordinate plane.
• Solve problems involving linear function and write the equation.

Measurement and Geometry

• Use formula for area of a triangle. (Derive from area of rectangle formula.)
• Compute the volume of rectangular solids.
• Use appropriate units of measure for two- and three-dimensional objects (e.g., find the perimeter, area, and volume).
• Measure, identify, and draw perpendicular and parallel lines, angles, rectangles, and triangles.
• Know that the sum of the angles of any triangle is 180 degrees and the sum of the angles of any quadrilateral is 360 degrees.

Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability

• Know the concept of mean.
• Identify and write ordered pairs correctly.
• Interpret the meaning of data in terms of the situation depicted by the graph.

Grade Six

• Read aloud narrative and expository text fluently and accurately and with appropriate pacing, intonation, and expression.
• Identify and interpret figurative language and words with multiple meanings
• Monitor expository text for unknown words or words with novel meanings by using word, sentence, and paragraph clues to determine meaning.
• Understand and explain “shades of meaning” in related words (e.g., softly and quietly).
• Identify the structural features of popular media and use the features to obtain information.
• Connect and clarify main ideas by identifying their relation ships to other sources and related topics.
• Follow multiple-steps instructions for preparing applications.
• Determine the adequacy and appropriateness of the evidence for an author’s conclusions
• Make reasonable assertions about a text through accurate, supporting citations.
• Identify the forms of fiction and describe the major characteristics of each form.
• Analyze the effect of the qualities of the character on the plot and the resolution of the conflict.
• Analyze the influence of setting on the problem and its resolution.

• Use simple, compound, and compound-complex sentences; use effective coordination and subordination of ideas to express complete thoughts.
• Identify and properly use indefinite pronouns and present perfect, past perfect, and future perfect verb tenses; ensure that verbs agree with compound subjects.
• Use colons after the salutation in business letters, semicolons to connect independent clauses, and commas when linking two clauses with a conjunction in compound sentences.
• Use correct capitalization.

Number Sense

• Compare and order positive and negative fractions, decimals, mixed numbers and place them on a number line.
• Use proportions to solve problems (e.g., determine the value of n if 4/7 = n/21).
• Calculate given percentages of quantities. Solve problems involving discounts at sales, interest earned, tax, and tips.
• Solve problems involving adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing positive fractions.
• Calculate multiplication and division of fractions.
• Solve adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing word problems using positive and negative integers and combinations of operations.
• Determine least common multiple (LCM) and greatest common divisor/factor (GCD/GCF); use LCM and GCD/GCF to solve problems with fractions.

Algebra and Functions

• Write and solve one-step linear equations with one variable (e.g.14 + n = 27).
• Write and evaluate an algebraic expression using up to three variables.
• Apply order of operations.
• Solve problems involving rates (e.g., average speed, distance, and time).

Measurement and Geometry

• Understand the concept of a constant such as pi; know the formula for the circumference and area of a circle.
• Know common estimates of pi (3.14 ; 22/7 ) and use these values to estimate and calculate the circumference and area of circles.
• Use properties of complimentary and supplementary angles and the sum of the angles of a triangle to solve simple problems with an unknown angle.
• Recognize specific quadrilaterals and triangles from given information.

Statistics, Data Analysis, and Probability

• Compute the range, mean, median, and mode of datasets.
• Represent all possible outcomes for compound events in an organized way (e.g., tables, grids, tree diagrams) and express the theoretical probability of each outcome.
• Represent probabilities as ratios, proportions, decimals between 0 and 1, and percentages between 0 and 100 and verify that the probabilities computed are reasonable; know that if P is the probability of an event, 1 minus P is the probability of an event not occurring.